Amacandelo isithuthuthu Chinese Policy bume kunye nempembelelo kwimarike

1. Imigaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo kunye neempembelelo ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe

Xa uhlalutya imeko yangoku yokuthengisa kumazwe angaphandle kushishino lweengxenye zesithuthuthu, imeko-bume yomgaqo-nkqubo yinto engenakuphikiswa. Utshintsho kwimigaqo-nkqubo yasekhaya neyamazwe ngamazwe ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo isikali sokuthumela ngaphandle kunye nolwakhiwo lwamalungu ezithuthuthu.

Inkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo wasekhaya: Urhulumente waseTshayina uyaqhubeka nokomeleza umgaqo-nkqubo wakhe wokuxhasa ishishini lezithuthuthu kunye nezahlulo. Umzekelo, ngoJanuwari 2022, uMphathiswa wezoRhwebo kunye namanye amasebe amathandathu akhuphe "Iimbono eziSikhokelo kuMgangatho oPhezulu wokuPhunyezwa kweSivumelwano soQoqosho oluBanzi lweSivumelwano soQoqosho (RCEP)" ukukhuthaza ukwanda kokuthunyelwa kwemveliso eluncedo kumazwe angaphandle, kuquka izithuthuthu. Ukongeza, i-Ofisi yoMphathiswa we-Ecology kunye nokusiNgqongileyo ikhuphe "iSicwangciso seMinyaka emiHlanu ye-14 yoThintelo loNgcoliseko lweNgxolo kunye noLawulo" ukomeleza ukuqinisekiswa kunye nokubekwa kweliso kungcoliseko lwengxolo yezithuthuthu, kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokhuseleko.

Impembelelo yomgaqo-nkqubo wamazwe ngamazwe: Ukungena ekusebenzeni kwesivumelwano se-RCEP kwandise kakhulu umda weemveliso zero zero ukusuka e-ASEAN ukuya e-China, kunyuswa ukukhuphisana kweendawo zesithuthuthu saseTshayina kumazwe ase-ASEAN. Umzekelo, i-Indonesia ne-Malaysia zinike i-China i-zero yonyango lwerhafu kwizinto ezininzi zerhafu yezithuthuthu, ezinganciphisi nje iindleko zokuthumela ngaphandle kodwa zikwanyusa umtsalane wentengiso yeemveliso zaseTshayina.

Uhlalutyo lwempembelelo yomgaqo-nkqubo: Ukuphunyezwa kwenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo kunye nezivumelwano zorhwebo zamazwe ngamazwe zibonelele ngamathuba amaninzi okufikelela kwimarike kunye nemiqobo esezantsi yorhwebo kushishino lwamalungu ezithuthuthu zaseTshayina. Oku akuncedi nje kuphela ekwandiseni isikali sothunyelo kumazwe angaphandle, kodwa kukwakhuthaza amashishini ukuba anyuse iteknoloji entsha nokuphucula umgangatho wemveliso ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu lemarike.

2.Ifuthe leenguqu kubume borhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kwizinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle

Utshintsho kwimeko yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, olufana nemeko yoqoqosho lwehlabathi, ukukhuselwa korhwebo, ukuguquguquka kwexabiso lotshintshiselwano, njl.njl., kube nefuthe elimandla ekuthengiseni iinxalenye zesithuthuthu saseTshayina kumazwe angaphandle.

Ukuchacha koqoqosho lwehlabathi: Ngokuchacha ngokuthe ngcembe kuqoqosho lwehlabathi, imfuno yezithuthuthu kurhwebo iyakhula, ngakumbi kwiimarike ezisakhulayo. Iinkampani zamalungu ezithuthuthu zaseTshayina zinokuthatha ngokukhawuleza isabelo sentengiso kwaye ziqhubeke nokwandisa isikali sazo sokuthumela ngaphandle ngeemveliso zazo ezinexabiso eliphantsi.

Ukukhuselwa korhwebo: Ukunyuka kokhuselo lorhwebo lwehlabathi kubeka umngeni kwiinxalenye zesithuthuthu zaseTshayina ezithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle. Amanye amazwe anyuse imiqobo yerhafu okanye aphumeza amanyathelo orhwebo obugcisa, anyuse ubunzima kunye neendleko zokuthumela ngaphandle. Amashishini kufuneka ajongane nalo mceli mngeni ngokuphucula umgangatho wemveliso, ukwakhiwa kwegama, kunye nokwahlukana kweemarike.

Ukuguquguquka kwezinga lotshintshiselwano: Ukuguquguquka kwezinga lotshintshiselwano kunempembelelo kwingeniso yamashishini esithuthuthu athumela ngaphandle. Ukuxatyiswa kwe-RMB kunokunciphisa ukukhuphisana kwexabiso leemveliso ezithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle, ngelixa ukuhla kwexabiso kunokunyusa iindleko zemathiriyeli ekrwada evela kumazwe angaphandle. Amashishini kufuneka asebenzise izixhobo zemali kulawulo lomngcipheko ukuzinzisa ingeniso yamazwe angaphandle.

Utshintsho lwesixokelelwano sobonelelo: Ubhubhani wehlabathi jikelele ube nempembelelo kwikhonkco lokubonelela, okukhokelela kubonelelo lwempahla ekrwada olungazinzanga kunye nokunyuka kweendleko zolungiselelo. Iinkampani zamacandelo ezithuthuthu zaseTshayina zomeleza ulawulo lwazo lwekhonkco lokubonelela ukuphucula ukuguquguquka kunye nokomelela kwamakhonkco abo okubonelela, ukuze bajongane nomngcipheko wokuphazamiseka kwekhonkco lokubonelela.

Isishwankathelo, utshintsho kwimeko yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe lube nempembelelo entsonkothileyo kwimarike yokuthumela ngaphandle yamalungu esithuthuthu saseTshayina. Amashishini kufuneka abeke iliso elibukhali kwiintsingiselo zomgaqo-nkqubo kunye neenguqu kwimarike, kwaye ahlengahlengise ngokuguquguqukayo izicwangciso zabo zokuthumela ngaphandle ukugcina ukukhuphisana. Ngelo xesha, inkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente kunye nokuphunyezwa kwezivumelwano zorhwebo zamazwe ngamazwe zibonelele ngamathuba amaninzi ophuhliso kumashishini aseTshayina amacandelo ezithuthuthu.