Isigcina-ntloko, 'i-artifact esindisa ubomi' ngamaxesha anzima

Isigcina-ntloko, 'i-artifact esindisa ubomi' ngamaxesha anzima

Isizathu sokuba kutheni iihelmethi zibe "zizixhobo zokusindisa ubomi" simiselwa kulwakhiwo olunengqiqo ngokwesayensi kunye nemigaqo ephucukileyo yokufunxa kunye nokothuka. Iihelmethi zokukhwela eziqhelekileyo kwimarike ubukhulu becala zenziwe ngeqokobhe langaphandle, umaleko wokucamagusha, umaleko wangaphakathi welinen, isixhobo sokunxiba, kunye nezibuko.

Iqokobhe ngumgca wokuqala wokukhusela izigcina-ntloko, ngokuqhelekileyo zenziwe ngezinto ezinzima ezifana ne-polycarbonate, i-carbon fiber, njl. Ezi zixhobo zinempembelelo ebalaseleyo yokuxhathisa kunye nokumelana nokunxiba, njengekhaka eliqinileyo, elinokuthi lixhathise ngokufanelekileyo impembelelo ethe ngqo kwizinto zangaphandle, ukukhusela izinto ezibukhali ekungeneni, kwaye zinike ukhuseleko olungaphandle kwentloko.

I-buffer layer yinxalenye engundoqo yesigcina-ntloko, eyenziwa ngokubanzi ngezixhobo zogwebu ezifana ne-polystyrene eyandisiweyo (EPS) kunye ne-polypropylene eyandisiweyo (EPP). Xa kusenzeka ingozi kwaye intloko ibethwe, umaleko wesithinteli uya kusebenza ngokukhawuleza. Ukuthatha imathiriyeli ye-EPS njengomzekelo, i-honeycomb yayo ekhethekileyo efana ne-microstructure ngaphakathi ifana nezipontshi zamandla ezilungelelaniswe ngokuqinileyo. Ngaphantsi kwamandla empembelelo, udonga lwe-honeycomb luya kugoba, lugobe okanye luphuke, olusisitshixo sokufunxa amandla empembelelo. Yonke i-deformation ye-microstructure idla kwaye iguqule amandla empembelelo, iguqulelwe kwezinye iindlela zamandla ezifana ne-thermal energy, ngokufanelekileyo ukunciphisa amandla empembelelo adluliselwe entloko. Ngokutsho kovavanyo lobuchwephesha, i-EPS inokuthatha uninzi lwamandla empembelelo ngexesha leempembelelo zesantya esiphezulu, ukunciphisa amandla adluliselwe entloko ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-20% yenqanaba layo lokuqala, ukunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokulimala kwentloko. Ngaxeshanye, umaleko wesithinteli unokusasaza ngokulinganayo amandla empembelelo. Xa impembelelo yempembelelo igxininiswe kwindawo ethile yesigqoko, iya kusasaza amandla empembelelo kwindawo ejikelezileyo ngeempawu zayo zesakhiwo, ukuphepha ukulimala kwentloko okubangelwa amandla amaninzi asekuhlaleni.

Umaleko wangaphakathi we-lining wenziwa ngokubanzi ngelaphu elithambileyo okanye isipontshi, ikakhulu esetyenziselwa ukunyusa intuthuzelo yokunxiba, ngelixa ikwafunxa ukubila ukuya kwinqanaba elithile kunye nokunciphisa ukungqubana phakathi kwentloko kunye nesigcina-ntloko. Ukugqoka isixhobo kuqinisekisa ukuba i-helmet inokugqithwa ngokukhuselekileyo entloko, ikhusele ukuba ingawi xa kwenzeka impembelelo enobudlova. Izixhobo eziqhelekileyo zokugqoka zibandakanya iintambo, ii-buckles, njl.


Idatha yolona bungqina bunamandla, ngokwaneleyo ukusenza siqonde ngokucacileyo ukubaluleka kwee-helmets. Ngokophando ngamaziko agunyazisiweyo afanelekileyo, ukugqoka izigqoko ngokuchanekileyo kunokunciphisa umlinganiselo wokulimala kwentloko nge-70% kunye nezinga lokufa ngaphezu kwe-40% kwiingozi zokuhamba ngebhayisikili. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukunxiba izigcina-ntloko kunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokwenzakala kakhulu kwiingozi. Izinga lokulimala kwentloko ngaphandle kokugqoka i-helmet ngamaxesha angama-2.5 aphezulu kunokugqoka i-helmet, kwaye izinga lokulimala elibulalayo liphindwe ngama-1.5 ngaphezu kokugqoka isigqoko. Ukusuka kwezi datha zothusayo, sinokubona ngokubonakalayo ifuthe elikhulu lokhuseleko lezigcina-ntloko kukhuseleko lobomi babakhweli.